Folic Acid

Folic acid is also called vitamin B9. It is a yellow crystalline material that dissolves quickly in alkaline and neutral liquids.

The word “foliate” refers to both the naturally occurring forms of folate found in food and the synthetic version called folic acid, which is used in supplements and food fortification.

Folic acid is a coenzyme that aids in DNA generation and metabolism. The development and reproduction of bodily cells depend on this vitamin.

Functions of Folic Acid

The body uses folic acid primarily for the transfer of one carbon, which is necessary for the creation of many metabolites. It contributes to the production of nucleic acid as well in addition to vitamin B12.It carries out the following primary roles:

Red blood cell production and cell division

Red blood cells are synthesized, mature, and proliferate with the aid of folate. Folic acid plays an important role during pregnancy, as it is essential for tissue and cell development and division.

Pregnancy-related folate deficiencies have a major role in neural tube abnormalities in the developing fetus.

Synthesis of genetic material

Nucleic acid must be present for gene expression. Each cell has genetic material in its DNA and RNA. DNA and RNA combine to form purines and pyrimidines, which are produced primarily by folic acid.

Treating mental health conditions

Other biological substances that are meant to be absorbed in the presence of folate include choline, carnitine, and creatine. Folate aids build up neurotransmitters, which are molecules present in the brain. Folate deficiency may lead to bipolar illness, schizophrenia, or postpartum depression.

Helps in fertility

Folate support in febrility in both sexes. Folate helps enhance egg quality, aid in egg growth, and facilitate egg implantation in the uterus during pregnancy. Additionally, consuming a sufficient amount of folate raises the likelihood of becoming pregnant and the possibility of a full-term baby.

Food sources of Folate

Leafy green vegetables deliver an abundant quantity of folate. Folate-rich foods include drumstick leaves, spinach, broccoli, and fenugreek leaves.

Pulses and legumes are good sources of folate. Bengal gram, green gram, black gram, red gram cowpeas are some examples.

Foods high in folate include grains and cereals including rice, jowar, ragi, and bajra. Additionally, beef liver, pork, and eggs are rich sources of folate.

Recommended Dietary Allowances

The amount of folate required daily varies based on age and energy consumption. The value is displayed according to age in the following chart:

Deficiency of folate

Large, immature red blood cells known as megaloblastic anemia can result from a folate deficiency. Inadequate folate also impairs the fetus’s growth and development. Neural tube defects (NTDs) in babies are caused by fetal deficiency during pregnancy.

Insufficient amounts of folic acid elevates the risk of cardiovascular disease. Individuals who suffer from alcohol addiction often eat meals that are low in quality and low in folate.